Warning: Undefined array key "wcttab" in /home/davidmor/eng221s17.davidmorgen.org/wp-content/plugins/custom-tables/custom-tables.php on line 132

Warning: Undefined array key "wcttab" in /home/davidmor/eng221s17.davidmorgen.org/wp-content/plugins/custom-tables/custom-tables.php on line 132

Warning: Undefined array key "wcttab" in /home/davidmor/eng221s17.davidmorgen.org/wp-content/plugins/custom-tables/custom-tables.php on line 136

Warning: Undefined array key "page" in /home/davidmor/eng221s17.davidmorgen.org/wp-content/plugins/custom-tables/custom-tables.php on line 157

Warning: Undefined array key "page" in /home/davidmor/eng221s17.davidmorgen.org/wp-content/plugins/custom-tables/custom-tables.php on line 157

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/davidmor/eng221s17.davidmorgen.org/wp-content/plugins/custom-tables/custom-tables.php:132) in /home/davidmor/eng221s17.davidmorgen.org/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1831

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/davidmor/eng221s17.davidmorgen.org/wp-content/plugins/custom-tables/custom-tables.php:132) in /home/davidmor/eng221s17.davidmorgen.org/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1831

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/davidmor/eng221s17.davidmorgen.org/wp-content/plugins/custom-tables/custom-tables.php:132) in /home/davidmor/eng221s17.davidmorgen.org/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1831

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/davidmor/eng221s17.davidmorgen.org/wp-content/plugins/custom-tables/custom-tables.php:132) in /home/davidmor/eng221s17.davidmorgen.org/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1831

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/davidmor/eng221s17.davidmorgen.org/wp-content/plugins/custom-tables/custom-tables.php:132) in /home/davidmor/eng221s17.davidmorgen.org/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1831

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/davidmor/eng221s17.davidmorgen.org/wp-content/plugins/custom-tables/custom-tables.php:132) in /home/davidmor/eng221s17.davidmorgen.org/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1831

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/davidmor/eng221s17.davidmorgen.org/wp-content/plugins/custom-tables/custom-tables.php:132) in /home/davidmor/eng221s17.davidmorgen.org/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1831

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/davidmor/eng221s17.davidmorgen.org/wp-content/plugins/custom-tables/custom-tables.php:132) in /home/davidmor/eng221s17.davidmorgen.org/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1831
{"id":206,"date":"2017-01-03T01:00:39","date_gmt":"2017-01-03T06:00:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/eng221s17.davidmorgen.org\/?p=206"},"modified":"2017-01-12T09:37:38","modified_gmt":"2017-01-12T14:37:38","slug":"summative-grade","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eng221s17.davidmorgen.org\/syllabus\/grading\/summative-grade\/","title":{"rendered":"Grading Contract"},"content":{"rendered":"

In “Grading Contract Journey, Part 1<\/a>” John Warner describes contract grading as a method of shifting assessment methods to match the behavior and needs of writers. Writing, he argues, “requires curiosity, it requires comfort with ambiguity, recognizing that a piece of writing is a series of choices, often made with the audience\u2019s needs, attitudes, and knowledge in mind.” And writing also requires a “willingness to risk and fail and learn from those failures. Above all, writing requires a desire to communicate and be understood.”<\/p>\n

In another essay on the subject<\/a>, Warner also describes his dismay over the recognition that numerical grading systems caused\u00a0“much of [his]\u00a0evaluation time\u00a0[to be] spent justifying<\/em> that number<\/em>. In analyzing [his]\u00a0own comments, nearly 80% of [his]\u00a0words were spent explaining what was ‘wrong’ with the student\u2019s work. Even when [he]\u00a0would consciously try to focus on ‘process’ and provide forward-looking comments, [he]\u00a0just ended up writing more and longer commentary that seemed even less useful to students who are thoroughly conditioned to only care about that number anyway.”<\/p>\n

These are two recent pieces on contract grading, but the system has been around for a long time, and have been studied extensively by scholars of composition and rhetoric, including Peter Elbow, a luminary in the field.<\/p>\n

Our Grading\u00a0Agreement<\/h1>\n

Assignments will earn the following grades:<\/p>\n